The investigation should begin by asking the caretaker for an explanation of the child's bruises or injuries. If a discrepancy exists between the reported cause of an injury and the injuries seen, law enforcement personnel should investigate further. Guidance is provided for such an investigation, with attention to a physical examination, laboratory data, a history of the child's injuries and explanations offered, and the demeanor of the child's parents/caretakers. Questions that might be asked parents/caretakers are listed. These include solicitation of information about a child's birth and his/her neonatal and medical history. Guidance is also provided in assisting police in working with physicians in determining the nature of all injuries. Of particular importance are repetitive accidents, cutaneous (skin) injuries, bruises, burns, poisoning, head injuries, eye injuries, internal injuries, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). For each of these types of injuries, information is provided on factors that indicate the likelihood of abuse. 3 tables, a checklist for investigators in suspected cases of physical child abuse, and a listing of organizational resources and supplemental reading