Crime Mapping Alternative Text
Exhibit 1: A three-layer illustration showing how GIS data can be represented. The top layer uses points to plot crime events, the second layer uses lines to represent streets, and the third layer features polygons as states. Close Window
Exhibit 2: A graphic that illustrates the use of multiple layers of information. On the left is a four-tier image with the top tier representing police data crime incidents, the second tier a city planning road map, the third tier housing authority structures, and the fourth tier a tax assessor's land use map. On the right is a composite image of these layers and how they can be combined to explore potential relationships among the four tiers of data. The slide is courtesy of Debra Thomas. Close Window
Exhibit 3: A spatial search map that shows the proximity of one location to another, in this instance a street map of school locations and the locations of crimes involving juveniles. Overlaying this data in GIS enables a user to identify crimes, in this case aggravated assaults, that occurred within a 1,000-foot buffer zone around schools in comparison with juvenile crimes committed in other parts of the city. The map was created by Debra Stoe, MAPS, 4/03/02, ESRI's ArcView 3.1. The source is the Winston-Salem Police Department, NIJ's Community Safety Information System, 1999 Data. Close Window
Exhibit 4: A street map with the geocoded address of 1150 Main Street, represented by a red dot. The geocoding function links an address to its approximate location on a street segment based on its number. Close Window
Exhibit 5: A pin map that shows the locations of all homicides that occurred in Washington, D.C., in 1994 and 1995. It is a street map with dots representing homicides and shows that only the western portion of the city is relatively free of homicides. The source of the map is the Washington Metropolitan Police Department; it is authored by Dan Sadler. Close Window
Exhibit 6: A thematic map of California that is variably shaded with five hues representing the number of VOCA subgrantees by county. From lightest to darkest, the hues represent: 0-8, 9-20, 21-40, 41-100, and 101-264. A thematic map is used to identify the density value of a particular attribute, and this one conveys that the greatest density of subgrantees occurs in the southern portion of the state. The map was created by Debra Stoe, MAPS, 4/25/01, ESRI's ArcView 3.2. Its source is the Office for Victims of Crime (SARS). Close Window
Exhibit 7: An integrated map of Winston-Salem, North Carolina, created from CSIS data. It is a GIS that provides spatial analysis capabilities for addressing crime. The map of the city is shaded in 6 hues representing the city's estimated 2002 population by police beat with ranges of 2,509-7,583; 7,584-18,559; 18,560-30,868; 30,869-62,547; 62,5481-18,385. The hues are overlaid with pentagons representing public housing and dots representing 1997 aggravated assaults. The map was created by Debra Stoe, MAPS, 5/9/02, ESRI's ArcView 3.2. The sources are the Winston-Salem Police Department, NIJ's Community Safety Information System, 1997 Data, and Claritas Demographics. Close Window
Exhibit 8: This street map of Redding, California, shows the location of Liberty Christian High School (illustrated as a small rectangle with a flag atop it) and plots the home addresses of sex offenders within a 1-mile radius of the school. A circle shows the 1-mile radius round the school. Two types of dots (a lighter one to represent high-risk offenders and a black one to represent serious offenders) are used to identify offenders' street locations. This map shows that most offenders live within the 1-mile radius. Disclaimer: Please note that the symbols identifying the street location do not represent the exact location of where the offender lives. The symbols have been enlarged and offset to keep an exact location from being determined. This map can be found at http://maps.ci.redding.ca.us/pub/. Close Window
Exhibit 9: A pin map of the locations of VOCA subgrantees in California. It is an image of California divided into counties with dots representing individual subgrantees. The map represents 206 ZIP Codes and 82 percent of the California subgrantees. It illustrates that the greatest concentrations of subgrantees are in the southwest and midwest portions of the state. The map was created by Debra Stoe, MAPS, 4/23/01, ESRI's ArcView 3.2. The source is the Office for Victims of Crime (SARS). Close Window
Exhibit 10: A map that shows estimates of California's Hispanic population and the locations of subgrantees to reveal how accessible services are to minority crime victims. The map of California delineates the state's counties, provides 5 increasingly larger dots to represent the number of subgrantees at these locations (2, 3-7, 8-12, 13-17, 18-26), and offers 7 hues (ranging from 100-10,000; 10,001-52,063; 52,064-107,157; 107,158-230,961; 230,962-427,424; 427,425-801,797; and 801,798-4,141,317) to represent the 1999 Hispanic population estimates by county. The greatest population density and subgrantee locations occur in the southwest and midwest portions of the state. The map was created by Debra Stoe, MAPS, 3/13/01, ESRI's ArcView 3.2. The sources are the Office for Victims of Crime (SARS) and the U.S. Census Bureau. Disclaimer: The map represents 206 ZIP Codes and 82 percent of the California subgrantees. Close Window
Exhibit 11: A street map of New Haven, Connecticut, showing the locations of 1997 and 1998 VOCA subgrantees. The map is shaded in 5 hues ranging from white to green representing the number of crime incidents by police district (ranges include up to 4,364; 4,365-8,141; 8,142-9,799; 9,800-11,370; and 11,371-13,780). Four pentagons represent the four subgrantees and include the Coordinating Council for Children in Crisis, Clifford W. Beers Guidance Clinic, Hill Health Center, and Family Counseling of Greater New Haven, located primarily in the center of the city. The map was created by Debra Stoe, 2/21/01, ESRI's ArcView 3.2. The sources are the New Haven Police Department and the Office for Victims of Crime (SARS), 1997 and 1998 Data. Close Window
Exhibit 12: A street map of New Haven, Connecticut, showing the locations of VOCA and other service providers. The map is shaded in five hues ranging from white to green representing the number of crime incidents by police district (ranges include up to 4,364; 4,365-8,141; 8,142-9,799; 9,800-11,370; and 11,371-13,780). Pentagons are used to represent subgrantees and squares to represent other service providers. The map was created by Debra Stoe, 2/21/01, ESRI's ArcView 3.2. The sources are the New Haven Police Department and the Office for Victims of Crime (SARS), 1997 and 1998 Data. Close Window
Exhibit 13: A map of California and Nevada, divided into counties, that shows the location of VOCA subgrantees. Graduated symbols are used to indicate ZIP Codes that contain more than one subgrantee with increasingly larger dots representing 2, 3-7, 8-12, 13-17, and 18-26 subgrantees. The 1999 population by county is represented by five hues demonstrating ranges of 1,160-10,412; 10,413-28,336; 28,337-48,024; 48,025-304,341; and 304,342-9,184,770. Noted on the map is a 17,000-square-mile area with no visible subgrantee, which offers a point of consideration for both California and Nevada administrators. The map was created by Debra Stoe, 3/08/01, ESRI's ArcView 3.2. The source is the Office for Victims of Crime (SARS). Close Window
Exhibit 14: An illustration showing three maps of Nevada, divided into counties, to compare the growth in population from 1990 to 1997 to 1999. The population by counties is represented by 5 hues (1,000-9,000; 9,001-28,000; 28,001-44,000; 44,001-300,000; and 300,001-1,220,000). The map was created by Debra Stoe, MAPS, 4/17/02, ESRI's ArcView 3.2. The source is the U.S. Census Bureau. Close Window
Exhibit 15: A street map of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, indicating the number of crime victims who received compensation in relation to the location of crimes. A red circle represents victims who received compensation and a green circle represents 1999 crime incidents. The map was created by Debra Stoe, 1/25/01, ESRI's ArcView 3.2. The sources are the Pittsburgh Police Department, Pittsburgh Housing Authority, and Pennsylvania VOCA. Close Window
Exhibit 16: A map of Georgia, divided into counties, shaded in three hues. Pink represents areas served by domestic violence projects, green represents areas served by sexual assault projects, and purple represents areas served by both projects. The white areas may have projects funded by VOCA and DHR. Close Window
Exhibit 17: A screen shot of an ad hoc query used by ArcView 3.1. It shows how a user can identify certain fields of inquiry such as shape, area, state, subregion, and populations, as well as values representing the state selected. It illustrates that a generic query builder is more flexible than a customized query builder but requires more technical expertise and knowledge about the data. Close Window
Exhibit 18: A screen shot of a customized query of ArcView 3.1 built for Connecticut's New Haven Police Department. It requires less training than a generic query but is more data restrictive because the user only has access to the data defined by the drop-down menu. Users can access several tables but are limited to the particulars of crime, date, age, time, and day of the week, although the tables contain more information than the menu is displaying here. Close Window