Notes

1 Electronic communications with Rhonda Martinson, staff attorney with the Battered Women's Justice Project.

2 A. Berkowitz, 2002, "Guidelines for Consent in Intimate Relationships," Campus Safety and Student Development Newsletter 3(4): 49–50.

3 T. Scalzo, 2007, Prosecuting Alcohol-Facilitated Sexual Assault, Alexandria, VA: American Prosecutors Research Institute, National District Attorneys Association, 7.

4 P. Tjaden and N. Thoennes, 1998, Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women: Findings From the National Violence Against Women Survey, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice.

5 C. Rennison, 2001, Violent Victimization and Race, 1993–98, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.

6 D. Sobsey, 1994, Violence and Abuse in the Lives of People with Disabilities: The End of Silent Acceptance?, Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brooks Publishing Co., Inc.

7 B. Fisher, F. Cullen, and M. Turner, 2000, The Sexual Victimization of College Women, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice and Bureau of Justice Statistics.

8 A. Sadler et al., 2000, "Health-Related Consequences of Physical and Sexual Violence: Women in the Military," Obstetrics and Gynecology (96): 473–78.

9 H. Resnick, H.D. Kilpatrick, C. Walsh, and L Veronen, "‘Marital Rape' Case Studies in Family Violence," 329–353, as cited in R.K. Bergen, 1996, Wife Rape: Understanding the Response of Survivors and Service Providers, Sage Publications, Inc.

10 E. Kushel, P. Robertson, and A. Moss, 2003, "No Door to Lock: Victimization Among Homeless and Marginally Housed Persons," Archives of Internal Medicine 163(10).

11 P. Tjaden and N. Thoennes, 2006, Extent, Nature, and Consequences of Rape Victimization: Findings From the National Violence Against Women Survey, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, iii.

12 C. Rennison, 2002, Rape and Sexual Assault: Reporting to Police and Medical Attention, 1992–2000, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics,3.

13 P. Tjaden and N. Thoennes, 2000, Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women: Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice.

14 H. Ramsey-Klawsnik, 1991, "Elder Sexual Abuse: Preliminary Findings," Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect 3(3).

15 L. Heise, M. Ellsberg, and M. Gottemoeller, 1999, Population Reports:  Ending Violence Against Women L(11), Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Population Information Program.

16 Centre for International Crime Prevention, 1999, Handbook of Justice for Victims, New York City, NY: United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention, Centre for International Crime Prevention, 4.

17 H. Resnick, R. Acierno, and D. Kilpatrick, 1977, "Health Impact of Interpersonal Violence 2: Medical and Mental Health Outcomes," Behavioral Medicine 23(2): 65–78.

18 National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 2003, Costs of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in the United States, Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control.

19 National Institute of Justice, 1996, The Extent and Costs of Crime Victimization: A New Look, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice.

20 Center for Sex Offender Management, nd, "Section 1: Overview, Topic: Sex Offenders," Supervision of Sex Offenders in the Community: A Training Curriculum, Medium Version, Silver Spring, MD: Center for Sex Offender Management.

21 Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, nd, Ten Things You Should Know About Sex Offenders and Treatment, Beaverton, OR: Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers.

22 Lawrence Greenfeld, 1997, Sex Offenses and Offenders: An Analysis of Data on Rape and Sexual Assault, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.

23 Antonia Abbey, T. Zawacki, P. Buck, M. Clinton, and P. McAuslan, 2001, "Alcohol and Sexual Assault," Alcohol Research and Health 25(1).

24 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2000, 10th Special Report to the U.S. Congress on Alcohol and Health, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

25 Greenfeld, Sex Offenses and Offenders: An Analysis of Data on Rape and Sexual Assault.

26 Ibid.

27 Center for Sex Offender Management, 2002, An Overview of Sex Offender Management, Silver Spring, MD: Center for Sex Offender Management, 1.

28 Sean Ahlmeyer, Peggy Heil, Bonita McKee, and Kim English, 2000, "The Impact of Polygraphy on Admissions of Victims and Offenses in Adult Sexual Offenders," Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment 12(2): 123–138. Citation from Center for Sex Offender Management, 2001, Recidivism of Sex Offenders, Silver Spring, MD: Center for Sex Offender Management.

29 Robert Prentky, Raymond Knight, and Austin Lee, 1997, Child Sexual Molestation: Research Issues, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice.

30 Center for Sex Offender Management, "Section 1: Overview, Topic: Sex Offenders."

31 National Center for Women in Policing, 2001, "Suspect Typology; Profiling the Sex Offender," Successfully Investigating Acquaintance Sexual Assault: A National Training Manual for Law Enforcement, Beverly Hills, CA: National Center for Women in Policing.

32 Thomas Hofheinz and Liz Gold, 2000, Sex Offender Characteristics And Legislative Changes Relevant to Texas Peace Officers, 1999–2000, Austin, TX: Texas Commission on Law Enforcement, 28.