Notes

1 Melissa Hook, Morna Murray, and Anne Seymour, 2011, Gaining Insight, Taking Action: Basic Skills for Serving Victims with Disabilities, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime, 29.

2 S.A. Pires, Building Systems of Care: A Primer, Washington, DC: National Technical Assistance Center for Children's Mental Health, Georgetown University for Child and Human Development, 2002. Cited in National Center for Cultural Competence, 2004, Checklist for Systems of Care Communities National Center for Cultural Competence, Washington, DC: Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development.

3 National Multicultural Institute, nd, "The Case for Diversity: Why Diversity? Why Now?," National Multicultural Institute's Web site, accessed July 21, 2010.

4 Laura Zárate, 2001, Suggestions for Upgrading the Cultural Competency Skills of Sexual Assault Response Teams, Dripping Springs, TX: Arte Sana.

5 Ohio Department of Health, 2004, Cultural Sensitivity/Cultural Competency in Assisting Survivors of Sexual Assault, Columbus, OH: Ohio Department of Health.

6 Pires, Building Systems of Care: A Primer.

7 Delia Saldana, 2001, Cultural Competency: A Practical Guide for Mental Health Service Providers, Austin, TX: Hogg Foundation for Mental Health, The University of Texas at Austin.

8 Sujata Warrier, 2000, Outreach to Underserved Communities, Harrisburg, PA: National Resource Center on Domestic Violence, 10–11.

9 Saldana, Cultural Competency: A Practical Guide for Mental Health Service Providers.

10 Ibid.

11 Ibid.

12 Ibid.

13 Ibid.

14 Ibid.

15 Crime Prevention and Justice Assistance Division, 2001, State of Hawaii Strategic Plan for the S.T.O.P. Violence Against Women Formula Grant FY 2001, Honolulu, HI: Department of the Attorney General.

16 Warrier, Outreach to Underserved Communities Introduction, 24.

17 Jane Sadusky and Jennifer Obinna, 2002, Violence Against Women: Focus Groups with Culturally Distinct and Underserved Communities, Madison, WI: Wisconsin Department of Health and Family Services.

18 Victim Services Network, nd, "Cultural Competency," VSN Manual, Denver, CO: Victim Services Network.

19 U.S. Census Bureau, 2010, Language Use in the United States: 2007, Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.

20 T. Goode, S. Sockalingam, M. Brown, and W. Jones, 2000, Linguistic Competence in Primary Health Care Delivery Systems: Implications for Policy Makers, Washington, DC: National Center for Cultural Competence.

21 Saldana, Cultural Competency: A Practical Guide for Mental Health Service Providers.

22 S. Sherow and J. Weinberger, 2002, A Report on Health Literacy, Philadelphia, PA: Adult Basic and Literary Education Interagency Coordinating Council.

23 Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape, 2006, Reaching Individuals along all Literacy Levels, 3(3).

24 Ibid.

25 Ibid.

26 President's Task Force on Victims of Crime, 1982, Final Report of the President's Task Force on Victims of Crime, Washington, DC.

27 Barbara Whitchurch and Andrea Beaderstadt, 2007, Building Victim Assistance Networks With Faith Communities, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime.

28 Cynthia Okayama Dopke, 2002, Creating Partnerships with Faith Communities to End Sexual Violence, Olympia, WA: Washington Coalition of Sexual Assault Programs, 28.

29 Whitchurch and Beaderstadt, Building Victim Assistance Networks with Faith Communities.

30 Dopke, Creating Partnerships with Faith Communities to End Sexual Violence, 12–16.

31 American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Adolescence, 2001, "Sexual Assault and the Adolescent," Pediatrics 107(6): 1476–1479.

32 Ibid.

33 Callie Rennison, 1999, Criminal Victimization 1998: Changes 1997–1998 With Trends 1993–1998, Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.

34 Committee on Adolescence, 2001, "Care of the Adolescent Sexual Assault Victim," Pediatrics 107(6): 1476–1479.

35 Bonnie Fisher, Francis Cullen, and Micheal Turner, 2000, The Sexual Victimization of College Women, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice and Bureau of Justice Statistics.

36 Cheron Dupree, Tom McEwen, Deborah Spence, and Russell Wolff, 2003, Evaluation of Grants to Combat Violence Against Women On Campus, Alexandria, VA: Institute for Law and Justice.

37 Donna Barry, nd, Montclair State University.

38 California Campus Sexual Assault Task Force, 2004, California Campus Blueprint to Address Sexual Assault, Rancho Cordova, CA: Governor's Office of Emergency Services, 14.

39 California Campus Sexual Assault Task Force, California Campus Blueprint to Address Sexual Assault, 14–15.

40 Oregon Attorney General’s Sexual Assault Task Force, 2006, Recommended Guidelines for Comprehensive Sexual Assault Response and Prevention on Campus, Version 1, Salem, OR: Oregon Attorney General’s Sexual Assault Task Force.

41 Meuer, Seymour, and Wallace, 2002, "A Community Checklist: Important Steps to End Violence Against Women," Chapter 9, Appendix B, National Victim Assistance Academy Textbook, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime.

42 Anne Seymour and Jane Sigmon, 2002, "Campus Crime and Victimization," Chapter 22, Section 4, National Victim Assistance Academy Textbook, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime.

43 California Campus Sexual Assault Task Force, California Campus Blueprint to Address Sexual Assault, 31.

44 National Advisory Council on Violence Against Women, 2000, Ending Violence Against Women: An Agenda for the Nation.

45 Meuer, Seymour, and Wallace, "A Community Checklist: Important Steps to End Violence Against Women."

46 Oregon Attorney General’s Sexual Assault Task Force, Recommended Guidelines for Comprehensive Sexual Assault Response and Prevention on Campus.

47 California Campus Sexual Assault Task Force, California Campus Blueprint to Address Sexual Assault, 32.

48 Ibid., 17.

49 Ibid., 34.

50 Meuer, Seymour, and Wallace, "A Community Checklist: Important Steps to End Violence Against Women."

51 California Campus Sexual Assault Task Force, California Campus Blueprint to Address Sexual Assault.

52 Dupree, McEwen, Spence, and Wolff, Evaluation of Grants to Combat Violence Against Women On Campus.

53 Johnson and Sigler, 2000, "Forced Sexual Intercourse Among Intimates," Journal of Interpersonal Violence 15(1).

54 Roeher Institute, 1995, Harm's Way: The Many Faces of Violence and Abuse against Persons with Disabilities, Ontario, Canada: Roeher Institute.

55 Office for Victims of Crime, 2007, Victims with Disabilities: The Forensic Interview, DVD Trainer's Guide, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime.

56 Margaret Nosek and Carol Howland, 1998, Abuse and Women with Disabilities, Harrisburg, PA: National Resource Center on Domestic Violence.

57 Wisconsin Coalition for Advocacy, Wisconsin Coalition Against Domestic Violence,
Wisconsin Coalition Against Sexual Assault, and IndependenceFirst, 2004, Accessibility Guide for Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Service Providers, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office on Violence Against Women.

58 Office on Violence Against Women, A National Protocol for Sexual Assault Medical Forensic Examinations Adults/Adolescents.

59 Office for Victims of Crime, 2008, First Response to Victims of Crime, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime.

60 Marc Dubin, 2000, "Serving Women with Developmental Disabilities: Strategies for the Justice System," Impact 13(3): 12–13.

61 Donna Hughes, 2003, Hiding in Plain Sight: A Practical Guide to Identifying Victims of Trafficking in the U.S, 3.

62 Vital Voices, nd, Modern-Day Slavery: Important Information About Trafficking in Persons, Washington, DC: Vital Voices.

63 Ibid.

64 Hughes, Hiding in Plain Sight: A Practical Guide to Identifying Victims of Trafficking in the U.S.

65 Ibid.

66 National Advisory Council on Violence Against Women, 2001, "The United States Within the International Community—Responding to Trafficking in Persons," Toolkit to End Violence Against Women, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office on Violence Against Women.

67 Many of these recommendations are found in Heather Clawson, Kevonne Small, Ellen Go, and Bradley Myles, 2003, Needs Assessment for Service Providers and Trafficking Victims, Fairfax, VA: Caliber Associates, 31–38.

68 D. Carroll, R.M. Samardick, S. Bernard, S. Gabbard, and T. Hernandez, 2005, Findings
from the National Agricultural Workers Survey 2001–2002, Washington, DC: US
Department of Labor.

69 R. Clarren, 2005, "The Green Motel," Ms. XV(2): 40–45.

70 E. Erez and N. Ammar, 2003, Violence Against Immigrant Women and Systemic Responses: An Exploratory Study, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.

71 Susan Lewis, 2003, Unspoken Crimes: Sexual Assault in Rural America, Enola, PA: National Sexual Violence Resource Center, 2.

72 W.K. Kellogg Foundation, 2002, Perceptions of Rural America: Congressional Perspectives, Battle Creek, MI: W.K. Kellogg Foundation, 1–2.

73 Jennifer Averill, Ann Padilla, and Paul Clements, 2007, "Frightened in Isolation: Unique Considerations for Research of Sexual Assault and Interpersonal Violence in Rural Areas," Journal of Forensic Nursing 3(1): 43.

74 TK Logan, Lucy Evans, Erin Stevenson, and Carol Jordan, 2005, "Barriers to Services for Rural and Urban Survivors of Rape," Journal of Interpersonal Violence 20(5): 591–616.

75 Lewis, Unspoken Crimes: Sexual Assault in Rural America.

76 Ibid, 2.

77 Annette Burrhus-Clay, 2007, "Serving Communities: Coalition Efforts at Rural Outreach," ReShape: Rural Advocacy 21: 2–4.

78 Lewis,  Unspoken Crimes: Sexual Assault in Rural America, 4.

79 Economic Research Service, 2006, Rural America At A Glance, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 5.

80 Nancy Hoffman, 2007, "Lessons Learned in Rural America," Reshape; Rural Advocacy 21: 4–7.

81 Burrhus-Clay, "Serving Communities: Coalition Efforts at Rural Outreach."

82 Many of these ideas are discussed in OVC's Gaining Insight, Taking Action: Basic Skills for Serving Victims with Disabilities.

83 Logan, Evans, Stevenson, and Jordan, "Barriers to Services for Rural and Urban Survivors of Rape."

84 Susan Murty and Susan Schechter, 1999, "Reaching Rural Communities," A National Assessment of Rural Domestic Violence Service Needs 32(January).

85 Ibid.

86 Colleen James, 2001, Initiating SANE/SART Program Development with Strong Community Commitment, Homer, AK.

87 Courtney Mullins, 2005, "Understanding Sexual Assault in the United States Military Culture," Connections 7(1): 8–11.

88 Bernie Ingold, 2002, "Specific Justice Systems and Victims' Rights: Military Justice," National Victim Assistance Academy Textbook, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime.

89 See the Leader Responsibilities Web page of the U.S. Army's Sexual Harassment/Assault Response & Prevention program.

90 Ibid.

91 Gary J. Gates, 2006, Same-Sex Couples and the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Population: New Estimates from the American Community Survey, Los Angeles, CA: UCLA School of Law, The Williams Institute on Sexual Orientation Law and Public Policy.

92 Jesse D. McKinnon and Claudette E. Bennett, 2005, We the People: Blacks in the United States, Census 2000 Special Reports, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau.

93 Carolyn West, 2006, Sexual Violence in the Lives of African American Women: Risk, Response, and Resilience, Harrisburg, PA: VAWnet, a Project of the National Resource Center on Domestic Violence/Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence.

94 Mark D. Weist, Jennifer Pollitt-Hill, Linda Kinney, Yaphet Bryant, Laura Anthony, and Jennifer Wilkerson, 2006, Sexual Assault in Maryland: The African American Experience, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and the Maryland Coalition Against Sexual Assault.

95 T. Goode and V. Jackson, 2003, Getting Started ...and Moving On...Planning, Implementing and Evaluating Cultural and Linguistic Competency for Comprehensive Community Mental Health Services for Children and Families, Washington, DC: National Center for Cultural Competence.

96 Ramsey County Sexual Assault Protocol Team, 2004, Ramsey County Adult Sexual Assault Response Protocol, Version 2.

97 Weist, Pollitt-Hill, Kinney, Bryant, Anthony, and Wilkerson, Sexual Assault in Maryland: The African American Experience.

98 U.S. Census Bureau, Language Use in the United States: 2007.

99 Terrance Reeves and Claudette Bennett, 2003, The Asian and Pacific Islander Population in the United States: March 2002, Current Population Reports, Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.

100 Amnesty International, 2007, Maze of Injustice, New York, NY: Amnesty International Publications, 2.

101 Patricia Tjaden and Nancy Thoennes, 2000, Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women: Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice.

102 Ibid, 22.

103 Sarah Deer, 2005, "Sovereignty of the Soul: Exploring the Intersection of Rape Law Reform and Federal Indian Law," Suffolk University Law Review 38(2): 455–466.

104 Sara Blahauvietz, 2005, "Key Factors in Forensic Interviews with Native American Children," Update 18(6).

105 Hilary Weaver, 1999, "Indigenous People and the Social Work Profession: Defining Culturally Competent Services," Social Work 44(3).

106 Ada Pecos-Melton, 2002, "Specific Justice Systems and Victims' Rights: Tribal Justice," Victims Assistance Academy Textbook, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime.

107 S. Hamby, Sexual Victimization in Indian Country, Harrisburg, PA: VAWnet, A Project of the National Resource Center on Domestic Violence/Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence, 2004.

108 Ibid, 6.

109 Ibid, 7.